Jews and Islam Judaism and the Middle East (Peter Beinart)

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In a recent article, Peter Beinart makes the strong point that American Jews cannot understand the conflict over Israel and Palestine, and that we cannot care properly about Israel without taking Palestine into account. Beinart’s point is to think outside the bubble in which the Jewish establishment so often puts itself in relation to the conflict. Beinart himself understand that the kind of open-ended encounters proposed by him may not always lead to sympathy and concord. But it’s always a good thing to broaden one’s perspective, to look at things you don’t like, including the face of the other, or your own ugly face in the mirror, and to listen to other people, even if you don’t have to accept everything they have to say about you to you.

I would only want to make Beinart’s point even bigger. It might very well be the case, it probably is, that it is impossible to understand modern Jewish life not just in Israel but even outside Israel as a world-citizen today without Islam. By this I mean two things: [1] the place of Arabs and Islam, indeed, the place of Palestine in Israel, which is Beinart’s point, and [2] the place occupied by the Jewish people, by Jewish history and Jewish cultural geography, and by Israeli politics in the larger Islamic and Arabic worlds. To not be able to grasp this is to lose a world and a sense of worldliness that was supposed to be a hallmark of the modern Jewish condition, both in Israel and in the Diaspora.

At the same time and conversely, this might also mean coming to a better understanding of Islam and Arab political currents, and the way Jews, Judaism, and Israel have nothing to do with what’s happening in Egypt, Tunisia, and Syria. It’s always important “to know one’s place” in the world. Sometimes, yes, Israel is not at the center of the universe, even in the Middle East. This is all predicated on what might be the false assumption that the relation between Israel and the Arab and Islamic worlds need not always be zero-sum, at least not forever like it still appears to be the case now in the eyes of many, often paranoiacs and/or polemicists, both inside and outside the region on both sides of what still remains a cultural and political divide between Islam and Judaism.

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Obama Doctrine (Middle East)

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Following the diplomatic maybe-breakthrough between the U.S., Russia, Iran (?), and Syria, I think I understand Obama’s Middle East policy. If there is a logical coherence to it, then its structure is like a flow chart, composed of 5 parts:

–disengage (e.g. Iraq, Afghanistan)

–maintain the status quo if and when you can (e.g. Syria, Israel-Palestine, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Iran?).

–bend to the local forces of inexorable change (e.g. Egypt, Egypt, Egypt)

–push back a little (e.g. Iran)

–step in at the last minute, only if you have to.

This may be the better part of wisdom, but it should be obvious that it is not the policy is not a progressive one, and it has nothing to do with the idea of promoting democracy or human rights. That was part of the Bush doctrine, and it didn’t work out.

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Hands off Assad (Unbelievable Stupidities)

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I think the smartest argument against a U.S. intervention is that nobody in the U.S. or Europe wants to see it happen, and that the U.S. is hated deeply throughout the Arab world. At least let’s be honest about this, that U.S. and world public opinion wants to abandon Syria to the Assad regime. Damned if you do, the U.S. will be damned if it doesn’t. With no actual diplomatic horizon yet in sight, the argument that a U.S. intervention will deepen the bloodbath is contradicted by the argument that U.S. non-action over the past two years has only allowed the bloodbath to deepen. It is probably the case that both propositions are true, which is what makes Syria such an unholy mess. Mostly, I think there’s no good end in sight, no matter what happens or doesn’t happen. But here, at least, are some of the most unbelievable stupidities I’ve stumbled upon online about Syria:

–We can start with this picture, posted above, of the poster promoting Assad and his regime at a “Hands Off Syria” vigil. It was in New York, I’m assuming. Hands off Assad. Some things are too disgusting for words, but I’m passing this picture around. Guilt by association? In this case, yes. It what one face of anti-intervention looks like at its most stupid.

–There’s the claim that Syria is a “pseudo struggle” and “nothing special” because there is no one on the front line whom Slavoy Zizek is willing to embrace as a force of liberation (Slavoy Zizek in the Guardian)

–A solution to the Syrian refugee crisis is to offer 2 million souls and counting blanket refuge in Europe and the U.S., thus emptying the country of most of the majority of the population the regime seems wanting to suppress, murder, depopulate. (cited [and accepted?] by Andrew Sullivan)

–Convening a world council of nations, like the UN but without a superpower veto. The point would be for “the international community” to deliberate and “decide” the fate of the country.  (Michael Lerner)

–Human shields from North America and Europe on their way to protect the regime from U.S. bombing. Will they be sent to protect the sarin nerve gas factories and sites? (reported in the Daily Telegraph)

–The notion that sarin nerve gas is in any way comparable to white phosphorus or napalm. JJ Goldberg has an excellent article at the Forward explaining the difference between chemical weapons and conventional slaughter. It’s easier to kill more people in a shorter period of time with the former than with the latter.

–“What about Israel and its violations of international norms?” You hear this a lot. Aside from scale, the facile comparison ignores something far more important. If international norms don’t apply to Syria, with its more than 100,000 dead and millions dispossessed, and with the introduction of chemical weapons, then they don’t apply and are not going to get applied to Israel-Palestine. Forget about Palestine and forget about democracy. If international norms don’t apply to Syria, then they don’t even exist. Is this the legacy for human rights in the 21st c.? Half a century of human rights conventions reduced to a chimera and flushed down the toilet by the antiwar left, rightwing isolationism, and the furious hatred for the U.S. government in popular Arab public opinion?

–These two bits are incredibly racist: “Former Alaska Gov. Sarah Palin (R) weighed in on the situation in Syria, attacking President Barack Obama and saying he should ‘let Allah sort it out.’ (reported at Huffington Post). Actually, Palin’s remarks are not much better than Zizek’s, or this one by Andrew Sullivan: “The US has no vital interests at stake in the outcome of a brutal struggle between Sunni Jihadists and Alawite thugs. None. Increasingly, as we gain energy independence, we will be able to leave that region to its own insane devices” (Andrew Sullivan at the Daily Dish). Racist because it assume that there are no decent people whom to support, morally or politically, on either sides of the Syrian sectarian divides. And stupid, because there are U.S. strategic interests in Syria, including oil and regional alliances (Israel, Turkey, Saudi Arabia).

There’s also this claim by Sullivan: “This is not about Obama. It’s about America, and America’s pressing needs at home. It’s also about re-balancing the presidency away from imperialism.” (ibid.). No, it’s not about Obama or America or “imperialism.” And it’s not about Andrew Sullivan. It’s about Syria, the modern Middle East, and an ongoing human rights catastrophe now exacerbated by chemical weapons.

This claim may simply not be true, the claim that “The escalation, regional instability and international entanglement its persistence unavoidably stimulates serve nobody’s interest.” (I forgot where I found this one, but you can google it.) It might not be true because the conflict and its intensification at present as well as the survival of the Assad regime may be in the interest of any number of regional and international players (Russia? Iran? Hezbollah? local Syrian minority groups like Alawites and Christians). The current regime in Syria and the people backing it have expressed no genuine interest in its ceding power, not now or in the long term. On the other hand, it might be the case that there are, in fact, too many Russian and Iranian interests at risk, and that the Russians and Iranians are looking for an exit strategy of their own that will leave the Assad regime out in the cold. This piece by Zvi Barel suggests very strongly that there might be some last ditch, last minute Iranian-Syrian-Russian diplomacy that might draw down the entire conflict in a more peaceful way.  There is also this piece. But what are the chances? At any rate, it would seem, that the onus is now upon them to do something about their client while the U.S Senate and Congress deliberate to who knows what small purpose or large end.

–Then there’s this little bit from Thomas Friedman at the NYT: “The Obama team wanted to be smarter in Libya: No boots on the ground. So we decapitated that dictator from the air. But then our ambassador got murdered, because, without boots on the ground to referee, and act as the army of the center, Hobbes took hold before Jefferson.” I can’t get my mind around these two sentences. It’s not even an argument; just stupid. 

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Syracuse Interstates (Urban Ruin)

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I took these photos from the top of the Crowne Plaza at Syracuse during a recent faculty retreat. From the view up there you get a strong visual sense as to how these two highways (rt 81 and rt. 690) cut through and ruin the city. The urban space running adjacent to these coiling beasts has been rendered dead and desolate.

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New Born Calf (Days of Awe) (New York State Fair, 2013)

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The great shofar is sounded,

A still small voice is heard.

The angels are dismayed,

They are seized by fear and trembling

As they proclaim: Behold the Day of Judgment!

For all the hosts of heaven are brought for judgment.

They shall not be guiltless in Your eyes

And all creatures shall parade before You as a troop.

As a shepherd herds his flock,

Causing his sheep to pass beneath his staff,

So do You cause to pass, count, and record,

Visiting the souls of all living,

Decreeing the length of their days,

Inscribing their judgment.

On Rosh Hashanah it is inscribed,

And on Yom Kippur it is sealed.

How many shall pass away and how many shall be born,

Who shall live and who shall die,

Who shall reach the end of his days and who shall not,

Who shall perish by water and who by fire,

Who by sword and who by wild beast,

Who by famine and who by thirst,

Who by earthquake and who by plague,

Who by strangulation and who by stoning,

Who shall have rest and who shall wander,

Who shall be at peace and who shall be pursued,

Who shall be at rest and who shall be tormented,

Who shall be exalted and who shall be brought low,

Who shall become rich and who shall be impoverished.

But repentance, prayer and righteousness avert the severity of the decree.

 [translation cribbed and altered from “My Jewish Learning”]

New life, this little guy was born at the birthing station, set up at the New York State Fair. This year, the High Holidays follow closely on the heels of the Labor Day Weekend, around which the Fair is held.  The famous liturgical poem or piyyut, the U’netaneh Tokef reflects on human life as animal fate. Too lazy to find or come up with a better translation, I found, cribbed, cut, pasted, and altered this one online from “My Jewish Learning.”

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Rosh Ha’Shanah Days of Awe (Syria)

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It’s the week after Labor Day and the Jewish New Year, the new year of creation, which comes early this year, is suddenly upon us. I know that these are the Days of Awe, but the rolling catastrophe that is Syria, the silence about it heretofore, and the arguments about it here in the U.S., all of it together fills me with loathing and disgust.

It’s my own view that the reasons to act or not act against the Assad regime in Syria from this far side of the Atlantic are a mix of strategic, political, and moral ones.  So I’m not so much of mixed mind. I don’t see any diplomatic solution on the horizon. I’ll bet there never was one. After two years of letting Syria burn, the war has gotten worse, not better; more complicated and dangerous, not less so; and there’s no reason to think that things won’t be worse, more dangerous, and more complicated still after another year of bloodshed and silence.

I understand why people think otherwise, but I do think it’s a U.S. interest, politically and morally. And there’s plenty of blood already on our hands, either way it’s looked at, because if you can act and you don’t act, you’re still responsible, just as or almost as responsible if you act and things go wrong. I understand the argument that the U.S. and Europe should just let the Syrians sort out their own problems on their own, and I’m sure this is true. Except that Syria is already destabilized and has been so for a long time. The Russians and the Iranians have seen to that. I just don’t see why it’s not the better or least bad option for Syrian people to sort through their differences on their own, and to be able to do so without Assad, not with him.

In her book on Levinas and the Crisis of Humanism, Claire Katz claims that to be human is “to be engaged in an ethical life where we cannot recuse ourselves from responsibility or from making choices, and the consequences of those choices often have damaging effects on those we care about most. My own perceived failures motivated me to ask what it means to raise daughters who will stand up for others, who will defend the victim, and who will stand against the bully. It is not enough simply not to do harm but one must also stop others who commit it”(p.xiii).

After two years and 100,000 dead and now the introduction of chemical weapons, no one knows whether U.S. action or inaction will make things simply worse than they already are. Anyone certain of their own analysis is delusional. I would like to consider the very real possibility that one way or the other, we might all be wrong, and that no matter what the U.S. does or doesn’t do, one way or the other the situation in Syria will continue to deteriorate. This realization is not as an alternative to taking a stance, just a practical complement to an epistemological and moral aporia. All of us are complicit, some more than others. This year, I’m not wishing anyone a sweet new year, just a good one.

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Day Into Night (The Book of Job at the New York State Fair, 2013)

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I was at the New York State Fair reading about Maimonides reading the Book of Job. The discussion has to do with scale, the vicissitudes of human suffering in relation to divine providence and the creaturely world at large. And then I took these photographs, which seemed all of a sudden apropos. The clouds open up to show one last bit of dulling daylight. Hovering over the busy-ness of human affairs, the merging of day into night reflects a different order to the created world, deeper and more immense.

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Dragon (New York State Fair 2013)

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I’m not sure my university friends and colleagues understand or appreciate my sojourn at the New York State Fair. Indeed, I think they scoff. But I like nonetheless this plastic mystical beast, caught at a moment of repose or on the move in a flash of artificial light. The New York State Fair is an endlessly fascinating spectacle. You just have know when to move, and also when to stop. Keep your eyes open with the right technological apparatus, like a cheap, half-decent zoom lens.

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Politics Looks Like This (New York State Fair 2013) (Chuck Schumer)

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Trying to get a candid shot of a politician on the schmooze at the New York State Fair is as hard as trying to photograph a chicken. I’ve now done both and I’m not sure what’s harder. They’re both constantly moving. They both duck, move, dart around, and scratch. A good liberal, I’m proud to call Schumer my Senator.” He’s up every year at the State Fair, as are all the state office holders. It’s part of the drama. You always run into one. Schumer, I’ve seen twice, and both times, it was a thrill to watch him work the crowd. This year, I ran into him at the milk barn, where you can get cold milk for 25 cents a cup. Later, he and his “entourage” swung around near the picnic benches between the mini-golf and artificial pond. Nobody seemed to know who he was, until we gave him a big hoot, which might have frightened him. I like the sharp, beady eye look on the cunning man’s face. That’s what politics look like.

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Cow People (New York State Fair, 2013)

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One of my favorite parts of the State Fair are the livestock people who show up to exhibit their stock. The dairy folk spend their entire time at the fair, camping out to tend to their cows for the entire time they are exhibiting. Much of the time, most of them are happy to talk and to answer questions about the business. Walking through the cowshed late at night, you find them there hanging out, sleeping on cots, exhausted, talking among themselves, keeping watch, cleaning up after them. Readied to show, the cows are groomed and polished within an inch of their lives. During the day, there’s a quiet hum of activity. At night there’s a hush. The whole place is warm and smells of hay and excrement.  The detailed care and attention to domestic animal life and the human interaction are extraordinary. I never get tired of coming to the cowsheds.

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